What is surgical mask

Medical surgical masks are usually made of components such as face masks, shaped pieces, and straps, and are generally made of non-woven fabric materials, which play an isolation role by filtration. It is used in the mouth and nose of medical staff in the operating room to prevent the spread of dandruff and respiratory tract microorganisms to open surgical wounds, and to prevent the body fluids of surgical patients from spreading to medical staff.

The role of medical surgical masks

Medical surgical masks can block particles larger than 4 microns in diameter. The test results of the airtight laboratory in the hospital environment show that, according to general medical standards, for 0.3 micron particles, the transmission rate of medical surgical masks is 18.3%.

Medical surgical masks are mainly used in high-demand medical environments such as medical clinics, laboratories, and operating rooms. The safety factor is relatively high, and they are suitable for the basic protection of medical personnel or related personnel. In the process of medical invasive operation, it protects against the splash of blood, body fluids and splashes. At the same time, it also prevents the microorganisms carried in the breath of medical personnel from being directly discharged, posing a threat to patients undergoing surgery.

Medical surgical masks have strong resistance to bacteria and viruses. In daily life, they can be used to prevent the spread of infectious diseases such as influenza and respiratory system, and can also prevent patients from transmitting viruses to others.

Structure and composition of medical surgical mask

Generally made of non-woven fabric materials, including filter layer, mask band and nose clip. The standard medical surgical mask is divided into 3 layers. The outer layer has a water blocking effect to prevent droplets from entering the mask; the middle layer has a filtering function to block 90% of 5μm particles; the inner layer near the mouth and nose is used to absorb moisture.

Material of medical surgical mask

Medical surgical masks use polypropylene as the main raw material, and the fiber diameter can reach 0.5-10 microns. These ultra-fine fibers with unique capillary structures increase the number and surface area of ??fibers per unit area, thereby making the melt-blown cloth with good filterability Shielding, thermal insulation and oil absorption.

The material of the mask is made of non-flammable material, and the mask burns after leaving the flame for 5s; the mask sterilized by ethylene oxide, the residual amount of ethylene oxide should be 10μg g; the skin irritation index of the mask material should be ≤0.4 , There should be no sensitization.

Main technical indexes of medical surgical masks

Medical surgical masks must comply with China's pharmaceutical industry standard YY 0469-2011 Technical Requirements for Medical Surgical Masks. The main technical indicators are as follows

(1) Filtration efficiency Under the condition of air flow (30 ± 2) L min, the filtration efficiency of aerodynamic median diameter (0.24 ± 0.06) μm sodium chloride aerosol is not less than 30%;

(2) Bacterial filtration efficiency Under specified conditions, the filtration efficiency of aerosol of Staphylococcus aureus with an average particle diameter of (3 ± 0.3) μm is not less than 95%;

(3) Breathing resistance under the condition of filtration efficiency flow, the inhalation resistance does not exceed 49Pa, and the exhalation resistance does not exceed 29.4Pa;

(4) Synthetic blood penetration After 2ml of synthetic blood is sprayed at the pressure of 16.0kPa (120mmHg) toward the outer side of the mask, no penetration should occur on the inner side of the mask.

Preventive types and application of medical surgical masks

When wearing a medical mask, you should choose the appropriate level type according to the type of pollutant transmission and risk, not too high or too low. Although the protective effect of medical protective masks with high protection level is better, due to the high filter grade, good adhesion, and higher respiratory resistance, long-term wearing will increase the respiratory burden and cause discomfort such as difficulty in breathing. Medical surgical masks and medical protective masks can block the pollution caused by the splash of blood and body fluids, but if you really need to block the pollution of airborne particles and pathogenic microorganisms, please choose to wear a medical protective mask.

Medical surgical masks can block most bacteria and some viruses, can prevent medical staff from being infected, and can prevent medical staff from spreading pathogens to the outside world, so it is suitable for basic protection of clinical medical staff, that is, for clinical medical staff in the invasive operation process Wear medium to provide protection for patients undergoing treatment and medical personnel performing invasive operations to prevent the spread of blood, body fluids and splashes.

During the epidemic of infectious diseases, medical surgical masks can effectively prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria in places where personnel are relatively dense, such as hospital outpatient guides or consultation offices, elevators, and emergency departments, and play a preventive and protective role for all types of personnel.

How to wear mask correctly

Wearing a mask correctly is an effective way to block the spread of respiratory secretions. Choosing a medical surgical mask can prevent the spread of respiratory diseases. The wearing method is as follows

(1) Wash your hands before wearing a mask, avoid touching your hands with the inside of the mask while wearing the mask, and reduce the possibility of the mask being contaminated;

(2) When wearing, distinguish the inside and outside, top and bottom of the mask, the light side is inside, the dark side is facing outward, and the end of the metal strip (nose clip) is above the mask, fully unfolding the face;

(3) Put the side with the nose clip up, fully cover the mouth, nose, and mandible, adjust the lower end of the mask to the proper position of the mandible, hang the elastic bands on both sides of the ears, or tie the straps at both ends to the back of the brain , Then press the nose clip tightly so that the mask fits the face completely.

Precautions

(1) When purchasing and using medical surgical masks, go to regular hospitals and pharmacies. At the same time, pay attention to the outer packaging of the product with a production batch number, production date, and period of use. Production license, product registration number and other information, as well as detailed product instructions;

(2) Before use, please check whether the packaging is intact, confirm the external packaging mark, production date, and validity period, and use it within the sterilization validity period;

(3) Make sure that the mask covers the bridge of the nose to the lower jaw after being unfolded to obtain the expected protective effect;

(4) Disposable medical surgical masks are prohibited from repeated use;

(5) If the packaging of medical surgical masks is damaged before use, it is forbidden to use;

(6) Use with caution if you are allergic to non-woven fabrics;

(7) After using medical surgical masks, they should be handled according to the requirements of hospitals and environmental protection departments.