Basic knowledge of container freight forwarding

Large loading container with certain strength, stiffness and specifications designed for revolving use. If the container is used for transshipment, the goods can be loaded directly in the consignor 's warehouse, and then shipped to the consignee 's warehouse for unloading. When the car or ship is replaced midway, there is no need to take the goods out of the box and replace them. According to the types of goods loaded, there are general cargo containers, bulk containers, liquid cargo containers, reefer containers, etc.; according to manufacturing materials, there are wooden containers, steel containers, aluminum alloy containers, glass steel containers, stainless steel containers, etc.; according to structure , There are folding containers, fixed containers, etc., among fixed containers, closed containers, open top containers, pallet containers, etc.; according to the total weight, there are 30 tons containers, 20 tons containers, 10 tons containers, 5 Tons of containers, 2.5 tons of containers, etc. Container calculation unit (twenty-feet equivalent units for short: TEU)

Is also known as a 20-foot conversion unit. Conversion unit for calculating the number of containers. At present, most of the container transportation in various countries uses two containers with a length of 20 feet and 40 feet. In order to unify the calculation of the number of containers, the 20-foot container is used as a unit of calculation. The 40-foot container is used as two calculation units to facilitate the unified calculation of container operations.

Container leasing

A business in which the owner rents empty boxes to the user. The owner of the container is the party who leases the container, and the user, usually the shipping company or the owner of the ship, is the party that leases the contract, and both parties sign a lease contract. The qualified container provided by the lessor is used by the lessee within the agreed scope. There are many different ways of container leasing in the world, which can be summed up as: process charter, time charter, demand charter and airway blockage.

Container terminal

In container transportation, the specific handling department of container or cargo loading and unloading exchange storage. It authorizes the carrier or its agent to carry out the following business: (1) Exchange and storage of the whole container freight. (2) Those who have container freight stations handle the delivery of LCL cargo. (3) Arrange the berthing of container ships, load and unload containers, and prepare a loading plan for each voyage. (4) Handle the compilation of relevant freight documents. (5) Prepare and sign the relevant documents for the entry, exit, and circulation of the container delivery vehicles. (6) Handle the inspection and maintenance of containers, delivery vehicles, loading and unloading tools, as well as the cleaning and fumigation of empty containers. (7) Send, receive, store and keep empty boxes. (8) Arrange the stacking of empty containers and heavy containers in the yard, and prepare a site allocation plan. (9) Other related business work. The container loading and unloading area is generally composed of a dedicated dock, frontier, yard, freight station, command tower, repair department, gate and office. Sometimes the storage yard or freight station can be extended to a transit station within 5 to 15 kilometers in the urban area.

Marshalling yard in front of the container

In front of the container terminal, in order to speed up the ship's loading and unloading operations, the place where the containers are temporarily stacked. Its role is: when the container ship arrives at the port, the export containers are piled up neatly in a planned and orderly manner according to the stowage requirements, and the imported containers are temporarily stacked in front of the wharf when unloading the ship, to speed up the ship's loading and unloading operations.

Container yard

A place where heavy containers or empty containers are handed over, stored and stacked. In some countries, container yards are not divided into front yards or rear yards, and are collectively called yards. The container backyard is an integral part of the container loading and unloading area. It is the place where the whole-box cargo of the container transportation "on-the-spot" transfer method is handled (actually, the transfer is done at the "gate" of the container unloading area).

Empty pool yard (van pool)

A place dedicated to the collection, storage, storage or handover of empty boxes. It was established only when the container loading and unloading area or transfer station yard is insufficient. This kind of yard does not handle heavy containers or handover of goods. It can be operated separately, or it can be set up outside the area by the container loading and unloading area. In some capitalist countries, to operate such empty container yards, they must declare to the Shipping Association.

Transit station or inland station (container depot or inland depot)

Transportation station or distribution center for container transportation outside the harbour. Its function is the same as that of the container loading and unloading area except that it does not have the loading and unloading operations of special container ships. The measurement of the transfer station or inland station includes the urban transfer station of the container loading and unloading port, the inland city, and the inland station of the inland port.

Container freight station (CFS)

The place where the shipper and the cargo are handed over for LCL packing and unpacking. The carrier can only entrust the operator of a container freight station in a port or inland city. It handles the following main business on behalf of the carrier: (1) Tally and handover of LCL cargo. (2) If there is any abnormality in the appearance inspection of the goods, an annotation will be processed. (3) Stowage and packing of LCL cargo. (4) Unpacking and storage of imported unpacked goods. (5) Seal the seal on behalf of the carrier and issue a station receipt. (6) Handling various documents and preparation.

Shipper 's liabilities

The shipper's responsibility in container transportation. This responsibility is different from traditional shipping. The responsibilities of LCL shippers are the same as traditional shipping. The responsibility of the FCL shipper is not less than that of traditional transportation:

(1) The shipping information reported shall be correct and complete.

(2) The carrier has the right to check the goods contained in the box. The shipper shall bear the costs incurred due to the verification.

(3) Customs or other authorities unpacking and inspecting, the cost and the resulting loss of goods and goods difference, the shipper shall bear.